2018年考研英語(yǔ)二真題

SectionⅠ Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to _1_ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will_2_ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will_ 3 _.

In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested student’s willingness to _4 _themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one _5 _, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would _6 _an electric shock when clicked.

Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified, another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. _7_ left alone in the room， the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would _8_. Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, _9_ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.

The drive to_10_ is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for _11_ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can _12_ new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such _13_ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do _14_ things is a profound one.

Unhealthy curiosity is possible to _15_ , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to _16_ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to _17_ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the _18_ of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. “Thinking about long-term _20_ is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity.” Hsee says. In other words, don’t read online comments.

1. [A] protect                       [B] resolve               [C] discuss                      [D] ignore

2. [A]refuse                        [B]wait                    [C] regret                        [D] seek

3. [A] hurt                           [B]last                      [C] mislead                      [D] rise

4. [A]alert                          [B] tie                      [C] treat                          [D] expose

5. [A] message                     [B] review                 [C] trial                           [D]concept

6. [A]remove                      [B] weaken                [C] interrupt                    [D] deliver

7. [A] When                        [B]If                         [C] Though                      [D] Unless

8. [A] continue                    [B] happen                [C] disappear                   [D] change

9. [A] rather than                 [B] regardless of       [C] such as                      [D]owing to

10. [A] discover                  [B]forgive                [C] forget                        [D] disagree

11. [A]pay                          [B] marriage              [C] schooling                   [D] food

12. [A] lead to                    [B]rest on                 [C] learn from                  [D] begin with

13. [A] withdrawal               [B] persistence           [C] inquiry                      [D]diligence

14. [A] self-reliant               [B] self-deceptive       [C] self-evident                [D]self-destructive

15. [A] define                      [B] resist                   [C] replace                      [D] trace

16. [A] overlook                 [B] predict                [C] design                        [D] conceal

17. [A] remember                [B] promise               [C] choose                       [D]pretend

18. [A]relief                       [B] plan                    [C] duty                          [D] outcome

19. [A] why                         [B] whether               [C] where                       [D] how

20. [A] consequences    [B]investments       [C] strategies  [D] limitations

1. 【答案】A

【解析】句首作者提出疑問(wèn)，“為什么人們會(huì)讀互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的負(fù)面評(píng)論和明顯很讓人傷心的其它事情呢？”隨后作者給出答案，“因?yàn)槿藗兌加衉__不確定性的內(nèi)在需求”。[A]解決[B]保護(hù)[C]討論[D]忽視，根據(jù)動(dòng)賓搭配關(guān)系，解決不確定性搭配合理。

2. 【答案】C

【解析】本題考查動(dòng)介詞搭配。根據(jù)原文語(yǔ)境，需要選擇一個(gè)動(dòng)詞和后面的“to”連用。[A]拒絕做...[B]等待做...[C]尋求，力求做...[D]后悔做...結(jié)合文意“人們要___ 滿足他們的好奇心”來(lái)判斷，正選為[C]尋求，力求做。

3. 【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)原文語(yǔ)境，“painful, uncertainty”均為消極詞匯。

4. 【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配考查。根據(jù)原文語(yǔ)境，考查短語(yǔ)____ sb to sth 意為“讓某人承受某事”。因此，C選項(xiàng)為正選。

5.【答案】 B

【解析】根據(jù)上文，第二段句首提到in a series of four experiments,說(shuō)明是在“實(shí)驗(yàn)”的語(yǔ)境。結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，[A]信息[B]實(shí)驗(yàn)[C]復(fù)習(xí)[D]觀念，只有B選項(xiàng)和段落語(yǔ)境相符合。因此為正選。

6.【答案】 C

【解析】動(dòng)賓搭配。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，“當(dāng)點(diǎn)擊的時(shí)候，一半的鋼筆會(huì)____電流?！备鶕?jù)動(dòng)賓搭配，本題需要一個(gè)動(dòng)詞來(lái)搭配電流，考查四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，[A]移除[B]削弱[C]傳遞[D]打擾 A選項(xiàng)更符合語(yǔ)境。

7.【答案】 D

【解析】時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的考查。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，“___被獨(dú)自留在房間，學(xué)生會(huì)....”,因此，這是一個(gè)非常明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。正選為D.

8. 【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。結(jié)合原文語(yǔ)境，由who 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾前面的學(xué)生，而在定語(yǔ)從句中，又出現(xiàn)由what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。結(jié)合賓語(yǔ)從句的含義，“知道接下來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么”更符合語(yǔ)境。

9. 【答案】B

【解析】結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，后面語(yǔ)境為并列關(guān)系，因此此題應(yīng)填舉例子。B為正選。

10. 【答案】D

【解析】Discover 與上文中的Curiosity 相對(duì)應(yīng)。

11 .【答案】C

【解析】本詞與后文的Basic drives 的詳細(xì)說(shuō)明。與shelter一樣都屬于人類(lèi)的基本需求。

12 .【答案】D

【解析】破折號(hào)的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前文instinct 的解釋。說(shuō)明這種本能能夠促進(jìn)新的科學(xué)發(fā)展，屬于因果關(guān)系。

13. 【答案】B

【解析】跟前文的drives 相對(duì)應(yīng)。

14. 【答案】A

【解析】本題與前文的backfire相對(duì)應(yīng)，都屬于貶義詞。

15. 【答案】A

【解析】從后文的試驗(yàn)中，參與者應(yīng)該被鼓勵(lì)參與，因此跟前文的堅(jiān)持相對(duì)應(yīng)。

16. 【答案】A

【解析】通過(guò)后文的after能看出這個(gè)事情并沒(méi)有發(fā)生，因此填預(yù)測(cè)。

17. 【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)賓搭配。

18.【答案】C

【解析】of 引導(dǎo)的后置定語(yǔ)。由一個(gè)人的好奇心所帶來(lái)的結(jié)果。

19.【答案】A

【解析】whether 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。

20.【答案】D

【解析】關(guān)聯(lián)對(duì)應(yīng)，對(duì)應(yīng)18題的outcome.