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    考博英語詞匯與語法練習(十九)

    考博英語 責任編輯:胡陸 2020-03-28

    摘要:考博英語詞匯語法題是各博士招生院校常考題型之一,希賽網(wǎng)考博英語為整理了考博英語詞匯語法題練習供考博生們參考練習,希望能為大家在考博中提供到幫助。更多考博相關(guān)信息,請關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)考博英語頻道。

    1. The atmosphere ________ of certain gases mixed together in definite proportions.

    A) composes

    B) comprises

    C) consists

    D) constitutes

    2. While he was in the office he________ doing something to doing nothing.

    A) preferred

    B) liked

    C) favoured

    D) approved

    3. Metals________ when cooled and expand when heated.

    A) decrease

    B) reduce

    C) condense

    D) contract

    4. Take your raincoat with you________ it rains.

    A) by chance

    B) in case

    C) at large

    D) on occasion

    5. He was afraid he would have to________ her invitation to the party.

    A) refute

    B) refuse

    C) reject

    D) decline

    6.At the Committee last Saturday the following proposal was agreed________ by those present.

    A) to

    B) with

    C) over

    D) at

    7. We went to see the exhibition________ the storm.

    A) but for

    B) in spite of

    C) for the sake of

    D) instead of

    8.To my surprise, at yesterday’s meeting he again brought________ the plan that had been disapproved a week before.

    A) about

    B) out

    C) back

    D) up

    9. The doctor took X-rays to________ the chance of broken bones.

    A) make sure

    B) rule out

    C) break down

    D) knock out

    10. He felt it rather difficult to take a stand________ the opinion of the majority.

    A) for

    B) against

    C) to

    D) by

    11.He has behaved in the most extraordinary way recently; I can’t________ his behaving like that at all.

    A) look into

    B) break through

    C) account for

    D) get over

    12. How did it come________ that you made a lot of mistakes in your homework?

    A) about

    B) along

    C) around

    D) by

    13. He could produce no evidence________ his argument.

    A) in respect of

    B) in view of

    C) in support of

    D) on account of

    14.The government should________ with the irrational regulations restricting drinking hours.

    A) break away

    B) come up

    C) get away

    D) do away

    15. I know him well enough to accept his explanation________ .

    A) without question

    B) by all means

    C) at any cost

    D) in any case

    16. It was a small country house, but it was large________ urban standards.

    A) at

    B) for

    C) by

    D) from

    17.The travellers sought shelter________ the rain and happened to find a road-side inn.

    A) from

    B) against

    C) for

    D) with

    18. All our attempts to________ the child from drowning were in vain.

    A) regain

    B) recover

    C) reserve

    D) rescue

    19. This is the first draft of the book. Please feel perfectly free to________ it.

    A) deal with

    B) comment on

    C) cope with

    D) dwell on

    20. I was always taught that it was________ to interrupt.

    A) rude

    B) coarse

    C) rough

    D) crude

    參考答案:

    1. 答案C.consist of“由……組成(或構(gòu)成)”(作此義解時該短語只有主動態(tài),沒有被動態(tài),不能說be consisted of)compose vt . “(若干部分)構(gòu)成(整體)”(其被動態(tài)be consisted of 與consist of 同義)comprise vt. “包括,包含,由……組成;組成,構(gòu)成”(該詞相當于compose和be composed of兩個意思)constitute vt .“組成,構(gòu)成,形成”

    2. 答案A.prefer vt .“更喜歡”(常使用的正確句型是:prefer A to B; prefer doing A to doing B; prefer to do A rather than [to] do B;prefer that sb[should] do sth)like和favour兩個動詞后面都可以跟-ing,但不用like/favour(doing) A to (doing) B句型approve vt .“贊成,同義;批準,核準”

    3. 答案D. Contract v.“收縮,縮小,縮短”(如contract one's muscles; One's muscles contract.)decrease v.“減小,減少”reduce vt .“減少,縮小”

    4. 答案B.in case “以防萬一,假如”(后面直接跟從句,從句謂語多用一般時態(tài),也可用should/may+原形動詞,但不直接用原形動詞;美國人常把in case+從句放在句首,表示“如果”,如In case I forget,please remind me about it;但有時in case可以單獨用,后面不跟從句,表示“以防出現(xiàn)萬一”,如

    It may not rain,but you had better take an umbrella just in case.)by chance“偶然,碰巧”at large(標語)“(罪犯)逍遙法外的,未被捕獲的”;(作后置定語)“大多數(shù)的”(如students at large)on occasion“有時,間或”

    5. 答案D。deline vt.“婉辭,謝絕(邀請);不愿(做某事)”(后面跟不定式);vi.“下降,減少,衰落”△refuse vt.“批駁,駁斥,駁倒”(賓語可以是人或某人的論點)refuse vt.“拒絕(給予或接受)”(句型:refuse sth/to-V)reject vt.“拒絕,駁回;據(jù)納,退回”(后面只能跟名詞或代詞作賓語,不跟其他句型)

    6. 答案A。agree to sth :“同意,贊成”(相當于consent to,其賓語可以是極化、辦法、措施、方案等名詞);agree后面還常跟with/on: agree with sb/sb’ opinion“同意某人的看法”;agree with 另一個常考的意思是“適合于<某人>”,常以食物或天氣作主語,(如The weather/Sea food doesn’t agree with me .)agree on “(在某問題上)取得一致意見“;agree with sb. about/on/over sth”在……上同意某人的看法”;不說agree at sth

    7. 答案B。in spite of “雖然,盡管;不顧”but for“若不是”(多用于引導一個非真實的條件)for the sake of “為了,為了……的利益,看在……的份上”instead of“而不,作為……的替代”

    8. 答案D. bring up“(在會上)提出(問題供討論或引起注意);培養(yǎng),教育(子女)”bring about sth“引起,導致”bring out“使顯出;出版,推出”bring back“帶回來”

    9. 答案D。rule out“排除(可能性)”make sure(that…/to do sth) “查明,弄確實;務必(做某事)”break down“損壞;(身體)垮下來;(機器)出故障”,knock out“擊昏,擊倒”

    10. 答案B。take a stand for/against sth“對……表明態(tài)度支持/反對”(注:take a stand后面不跟to/by sth)

    11. 答案C。account for“說明或解釋(原因);說明(錢是怎么花的);占……(多大部分)”(如account for one’s absence from class; account for the money spent; Women account for half of the population.)look into“調(diào)查,了解”break through“突破,突圍”get over“克服(困難);解決(問題);從(疾病、失望、震驚中)恢復過來”

    12. 答案A。come(about)“發(fā)生,造成”(多用于how疑問句中,也可用于陳述句,在非正式英語中還可簡化為How come +從句?如How come you were late for class yesterday?)come along“進行,進展;(機會)出現(xiàn);(用在祈使句中)趕快,快點”come around“蘇醒;順訪”come by sth=get obtain“得到”

    13. 答案C.in support of(狀語)“支持,證明”in respect of/with respect to“至于,關(guān)于”in view of“由于,鑒于;考慮到”on account of(狀語)“由于,因為”

    14. 答案D。do away with sth“廢除,消除,去掉;干掉,處理掉”break away(from)“突然離開,突然逃掉;與……決裂;改掉(壞習慣)”(不說break away with)come up with“提出,提供,想出(主意、辦法、方案等)”get away with“攜帶……而逃”

    15. 答案A。without question“毫無疑問地,毫無異議地;不加懷疑地”(作狀語修飾謂語動詞或放在be后面修飾表語,如He can do the work well without question; He is without question the best player on the team.還可以說beyond question“毫無疑問,確定無疑”,不過該短語一般作表語或修飾表語)by all means“盡一切辦法;務必”at any cost/at all costs“不惜任何代價,無論如何”on any case“無論如何,不管怎樣”

    16. 答案C。by…standards“按照……的標準來衡量”(不與其他三個介詞搭配)

    17. 答案A。shelter n.“掩蔽處,躲避處;掩蔽,保護”(seek/take/find sheler from the rain or other dangers“宣召避雨<或躲避其它危險>的地方”,do sth under shelter of“在……的掩護下做某事”,可以說seek/take shelter in…for the night“在…過夜”;shelter不與against/with搭配)

    18. 答案D。rescue vt./n/“營救,援救”(rescue sb from“把……從……救出”;come/go to sb’s rescue“前去營救某人”)○regain vt.“重新獲得,收復,恢復”recover vt.“重新獲得,重新找到;收回,挽回”reserve vt.“保留,留存;預定(座位)”

    19. 答案B. comment on sth “對……發(fā)表評論”deal with sth“處理;論述;涉及”cope with sth(difficult)“(設法)對付,應付(困難的問題或局面)”△dwell on/upon sth“詳述,強調(diào);老是想著(某事)”

    20.答案A。rude adj.“粗魯?shù)?,不禮貌的;粗糙的,簡陋的(工具等)”(如a rude child; rude behavior; rude remarks; rude tools)coarse adj.“粗糙的(材料、質(zhì)地);粗俗的(語言、舉止)”rough adj.“粗糙的(材料);粗魯?shù)模直┑模ㄐ袨椋?粗略的,大致的:crude adj.”天然的,未加工的;簡陋的,粗糙的“

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