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SectionⅡReading（50 minutes）

Part A

directions:read the following two texts.answer the questions on each text by choosing a,b,c or d.mark your answers on your answer sheet.

text 1

in 1997,25 japanese citizens,all older than 60,launched jeeba（the name means“old man and old woman”）to make senior-friendly products.they knew they were making history when they coined their company motto：“of the elderly,by the elderly and for the elderly.”they do not hire young people,and the oldest of their workers is 75.

firms run by senior citizens are still a rarity,in japan and worldwide.but the elderly have numbers on their side.healthier and longer-living seniors,born immediately after world warⅱ,are reaching retirement age in huge numbers all over the developed world.extremely low birthrates in those same countries mean there are far fewer young workers to take their place.one likely consequence is now clear:shrinking work forces.

while the streamlining effects of international competition are focusing attention on the need to create and keep good jobs,those fears will eventually give way to worries about the growing shortage of young workers.one unavoidable solution:putting older people back to work,whether they like it or not.indeed,advanced economies like those of finland and denmark have already raised their retirement ages.others are under severe pressure to follow suit,as both the european commission and the organization for economic cooperation and development have recently warned their members that their future prosperity depends on a growing contribution from the elderly.

whether these changes are good or bad news to workers depends on whether they anticipate retirement with eagerness or dread.in the united states,half of working-age americans now expect to work into their 70s,whether by financial necessity or by lifestyle choice,according to a new study by putnam investments.

contrary to still widespread assumptions,there is very little hard evidence to suggest that companies cannot stay competitive with a rising share of older workers.at british hardware chain b&q,its“elder worker”stores in manchester and exmouth were 18 percent more profitable than its regular outlets—due in part,the company says,to six times less employee turnover and 60 percent less shoplifting and breakage.

26.jeeba's difference from a conventional company mainly lies in ________.

[a]the age of its employees   b.the number of its owners

[c]the quality of its products[d]the scope of its operations

參考答案：a

27.in the developed world,compared with young people,the elderly________.

[a]are better at business   b.are greater in number

[c]have healthier lifestyles[d]have more job opportunities

參考答案：b

28.according to the writer,in the current situation companies are faced with the tough task of ________.

[a]creating good positions b.employing retired workers

[c]filling vacant positions[d]replacing unskilled workers

參考答案：b

29.for future prosperity,many european countries will have to ________.

[a]increase the number of young workers

b.offer many senior-friendly jobs

[c]improve services for seniors

[d]raise their retirement ages

參考答案：d

30.b&q's“elder worker”stores are mentioned to show that the employment of older workers ________.

[a]does not reduce a company’s competitiveness

[b]does not affect older workers’lifestyle choices

[c]is not a usual practice among competitive firms

[d]is not good news to those who are eager to retire

參考答案：a

text 2

one important thing during the pre-christmas rush at our house was the arrival of my daughter’s kindergarten report card.she got high praise for her reading,vocabulary and overall enthusiasm.on the other hand,we learnt that she has work to do on her numbers and facility with the computer,though the detailed handwritten report her teachers prepared is absent of any words that might be interpreted as negative in describing her efforts.a number system indicates how she’s measuring up in each area without any mention of passing or failing.

all of which seems to make my daughter’s school neither fish nor fowl when it comes to the debate over the merits of giving formal grades to kids.at one level,the advantages and disadvantages are obvious.a grade system provides a straightforward standard by which to measure how your child is progressing at school—and how he or she is getting on compared to other children.but as writer sue ferguson notes,“grades can deceive.”the aim should be“to measure learning,not simply what a student can recall on a test.”the two aren’t the same---and if you doubt that as an adult,ask yourself whether you could sit down without any preparation and still pass those high-school-level examinations.

if you're old enough,you’ve lived through this debate before.at one time,it was considered unfair to put children in direct competition with one another if it could be avoided.the intention behind that may have been good,but it ignored the fact that competition,and the will to come out on top,are essential components of the human condition.

this time around,educators working with a no-grades approach are emphasizing different reasons.the thing is,that approach is much more commonplace in the adult workplace than is the traditional pass-fail system we place on our children.many workplaces conduct regular employee evaluations.there are usually fairly strict limits to what an employer can tell an employee in those evaluations—and even then,negative evaluations can be challenged by the employee.no matter where you sit in the debate over the grade system,then,the real question is this:if it’s so good for kids,why isn’t that also true for adults?

31.the school report indicates that the writer’s daughter_______.

[a]lacks interest in her school work

[b]ranks among the best at language

[c]has some trouble with her handwriting

[d]needs to improve in math and computer skills

參考答案：d

32.we can learn that the girl,s school tries to deliver the report________.

[a]in a positive way      b.in a scientific way

[c]in an attractive way[d]in an enthusiastic way

參考答案：a

33.sue ferguson seems dissatisfied with the grade system for its focus on_______.

[a]the process of getting the knowledge

b.the capability of memorizing for the test

[c]the procedure of measuring learning

[d]the standard of comparing schools

參考答案：b

34.the writer would agree that cutting children off from competition is ________.

[a]fit for human development b.fit for their age and experience

[c]against a key part of human nature[d]out of consideration for children

參考答案：c

35.it can be learned that today's educators supporting the no-grades approach insist that________.

[a]kids be allowed to challenge the negative evaluations

b.the traditional teacher-student relationship be changed

[c]the evaluation system for kids be similar to that for adults

[d]strict rules be set up in evaluating school children

參考答案：b

sectionⅱreading（50 minutes）

part b

directions:read the texts from a magazine in which five people voice their different opinions in response to an article on the issue of praising.for questions 36-40,match the name of each person to one of the statements（a-g）given below.mark your answers on answer sheet.mike：

praise often and sincerely---it’s as simple as that.employees want to feel needed and appreciated.by offering sincere praise with examples about what they did right,you’ll go far in creating an energetic team.meanwhile,i don’t agree with the assertion that“to focus on what needs improving isn’t good management.”in fact,it’s the balance of praise along with constructive criticism that drives employees to work smarter and reach higher.

36.mike_________

[a]praise combined with criticism is helpful.

[b]praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.

[c]employees may feel it hard to accept insincere praise.

[d]let employees know exactly for what they are praised.

[e]in my opinion,we are not generous enough to give praise.

[f]employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.

[g]money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.

參考答案：a

37.frank_________

[a]praise combined with criticism is helpful.

[b]praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.

[c]employees may feel it hard to accept insincere praise.

[d]let employees know exactly for what they are praised.

[e]in my opinion,we are not generous enough to give praise.

[f]employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.

[g]money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.

參考答案：g

joyce：

one skill missing in today’s workplace is the ability to build effective business relationships.at the core of that relationship is the need for consistent feedback.“how am i doing?”is a question that should be answered consistently.when you tell an employee once a year what is needed to improve,you have not done your job as a leader---build skills,provide feedback and help the employee grow and develop.

38.joyce_________

[a]praise combined with criticism is helpful.

[b]praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.

[c]employees may feel it hard to accept insincere praise.

[d]let employees know exactly for what they are praised.

[e]in my opinion,we are not generous enough to give praise.

[f]employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.

[g]money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.

參考答案：f

39.ellen_________

[a]praise combined with criticism is helpful.

[b]praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.

[c]employees may feel it hard to accept insincere praise.

[d]let employees know exactly for what they are praised.

[e]in my opinion,we are not generous enough to give praise.

[f]employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.

[g]money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.

參考答案：e

40.diana_________

[a]praise combined with criticism is helpful.

[b]praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.

[c]employees may feel it hard to accept insincere praise.

[d]let employees know exactly for what they are praised.

[e]in my opinion,we are not generous enough to give praise.

[f]employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.

[g]money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.

參考答案：d

sectionⅱreading（50 minutes）

part c

directions:read the following text from which five sentences have been removed.choose from the sentences a-g the most suitable one to fill each numbered gap in the text（41-45）.there are two extra sentences that you do not need to use.mark your answers on your answer sheet.

at 21,ricardo semler became boss of his father’s business in brazil,semco,which sold parts for ships.semler junior worked like a madman,from 7:30 a.m.,until midnight every day.one afternoon,while touring a factory in new york,he collapsed.the doctor who treated him said,“there’s nothing wrong with you.but if you continue like this,you’ll find a new home in our hospital."semler got the message.he changed the way he worked.in fact,he changed the ways his employees worked too.

he let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong.he allowed them to set their own salaries,and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary,like receptionists and secretaries._____41_____“everyone at semco,even top managers,meets guests in reception,does the photocopying,sends faxes,types letters and dials the phone.”

41._________

[a]this saved money and brought more equality to the company.

b. he knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.

[c]and the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

[d]most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.

[e]if someone isn’t doing his job well,the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

[f]also,semco lets its workers use the company’s machines for their own projects,and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

[g]after years of hard-working,he tired.

參考答案：a

42._________

[a]this saved money and brought more equality to the company.

b. he knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.

[c]and the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

[d]most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.

[e]if someone isn’t doing his job well,the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

[f]also,semco lets its workers use the company’s machines for their own projects,and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

[g]after years of hard-working,he tired.

參考答案：c

43._________

[a]this saved money and brought more equality to the company.

b. he knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.

[c]and the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

[d]most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.

[e]if someone isn’t doing his job well,the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

[f]also,semco lets its workers use the company’s machines for their own projects,and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

[g]after years of hard-working,he tired.

參考答案：b

44._________

[a]this saved money and brought more equality to the company.

b. he knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.

[c]and the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

[d]most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.

[e]if someone isn’t doing his job well,the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

[f]also,semco lets its workers use the company’s machines for their own projects,and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

[g]after years of hard-working,he tired.

參考答案：f

it sounds perfect,but does it work?the answer is in the numbers:in the last six years,semco's revenues have gone from$35 million to$212 million.the company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000.why?

semler says it’s because of“peer pressure”.peer pressure makes employees work hard for everyone else._____45_____ in other words,ricardo semler treats his workers like adults and expects them to act like adults.and they do.

45._________

[a]this saved money and brought more equality to the company.

b. he knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.

[c]and the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

[d]most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.

[e]if someone isn’t doing his job well,the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

[f]also,semco lets its workers use the company’s machines for their own projects,and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

[g]after years of hard-working,he tired.

參考答案：e

sectionⅱreading（50 minutes）

part d

directions:read the following text from which 10 words have been removed.choose from the words a-0 the most suitable one to fill each numbered gap in the text（46-55）.there are five extra words that you do not need to use.mark your answers on your answer sheet.

america’s internet is faster than ever before,but people still complain about their internet being too slow.

new york’s attorney general’s office 46 an investigation in the fall into whether or not verizon,cablevision and time warner are delivering broadband that’s as fast as the providers 47 it is.earlier this month,the office asked for the public’s help to measure their speed results,saying consumers 48 to get the speeds they were promised.“too many of us may be paying for one thing,and getting another,”the attorney general said.

46._________

[a]accusations

[b]actually

[c]claim

[d]communicating

[e]complain

[f]data

[g]deserved

[h]frustrated

[i]hated

[j]launched

[k]relating

[l]times

[m]trouble

[n]usually

[o]worried

參考答案：j

47._________

[a]accusations

[b]actually

[c]claim

[d]communicating

[e]complain

[f]data

[g]deserved

[h]frustrated

[i]hated

[j]launched

[k]relating

[l]times

[m]trouble

[n]usually

[o]worried

參考答案：c

48._________

[a]accusations

[b]actually

[c]claim

[d]communicating

[e]complain

[f]data

[g]deserved

[h]frustrated

[i]hated

[j]launched

[k]relating

[l]times

[m]trouble

[n]usually

[o]worried

參考答案：g

49._________

[a]accusations

[b]actually

[c]claim

[d]communicating

[e]complain

[f]data

[g]deserved

[h]frustrated

[i]hated

[j]launched

[k]relating

[l]times

[m]trouble

[n]usually

[o]worried

參考答案：m

50._________

[a]accusations

[b]actually

[c]claim

[d]communicating

[e]complain

[f]data

[g]deserved

[h]frustrated

[i]hated

[j]launched

[k]relating

[l]times

[m]trouble

[n]usually

[o]worried

參考答案：a

51._________

[a]accusations

[b]actually

[c]claim

[d]communicating

[e]complain

[f]data

[g]deserved

[h]frustrated

[i]hated

[j]launched

[k]relating

[l]times

[m]trouble

[n]usually

[o]worried

參考答案：f

52._________

[a]accusations

[b]actually

[c]claim

[d]communicating

[e]complain

[f]data

[g]deserved

[h]frustrated

[i]hated

[j]launched

[k]relating

[l]times

[m]trouble

[n]usually

[o]worried

參考答案：i

53._________

[a]accusations

[b]actually

[c]claim

[d]communicating

[e]complain

[f]data

[g]deserved

[h]frustrated

[i]hated

[j]launched

[k]relating

[l]times

[m]trouble

[n]usually

[o]worried

參考答案：k

54._________

[a]accusations

[b]actually

[c]claim

[d]communicating

[e]complain

[f]data

[g]deserved

[h]frustrated

[i]hated

[j]launched

[k]relating

[l]times

[m]trouble

[n]usually

[o]worried

參考答案：h

55._________

[a]accusations

[b]actually

[c]claim

[d]communicating

[e]complain

[f]data

[g]deserved

[h]frustrated

[i]hated

[j]launched

[k]relating

[l]times

[m]trouble

[n]usually

[o]worried

參考答案：b